Introduction Hyaluronic acid (HA) lip fillers represent one of the most widely performed procedures in aesthetic medicine today, with demand growing consistently over recent years. Despite broad clinical experience, perceptions of efficacy and safety have often been shaped by empirical observation rather than robust quantitative data. Against this backdrop, the systematic review and meta-analysis by Wen et al. carries particular significance: by analyzing exclusively randomiz

Commentary on the Article "Hyaluronic Acid Fillers and ASIA Syndrome: Case Studies” ASIA syndrome (Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants), first described in 2011 by Professor Yehuda Schoenfeld, encompasses a group of clinical conditions in which the immune response is excessively modulated by substances with an adjuvant role—that is, molecules capable of enhancing the immune response without acting as direct antigens. These substances directly interfere with